Omandumba

The Omandumba rock paintings are among the most accessible and rewarding San rock-art sites in the Erongo Mountains. Located on the Omandumba West farm, approximately halfway between Omaruru and the Erongo Wilderness area, the site features a series of shallow shelters and boulders adorned with finely executed paintings in red, brown, white, and ochre pigments. The Erongo massif is considered one of Namibia’s richest rock-art landscapes, with Omandumba offering some of the most visitor-friendly examples.

Omandumba lies southwest of Omaruru along a well-maintained gravel road, with clear signposting to the Omandumba Guestfarm. Visitors join a guided walk that departs from the farmhouse or campsite, leading into a small valley filled with granite boulders and natural rock shelters. The trail is easy to moderate, making it suitable for most visitors, and guided access ensures protection of the fragile art.

The paintings at Omandumba are attributed to San hunter-gatherers and represent a wide variety of scenes:

• Human figures in dynamic poses
• Hunters with bows, arrows and carrying sticks
• Antelope species, giraffe and other plains game
• Stylised dancers and possible trance-healers
• Handprints and abstract symbols

Many figures exhibit the characteristic fine-line tradition of central Namibian rock art, characterised by elongated limbs, multiple outlines, and expressive body movement. Some panels contain superimposed layers, suggesting repeated use of the site over many generations.

The most striking images include:

• A cluster of running hunters, shown mid-stride with overlapping limbs
• A large panel of antelope and giraffe, executed in vivid ochre pigment
• Several anthropomorphic figures with elongated arms, possibly representing ritual performers
• Faded white-painted forms typical of late stylistic phases in the Erongo region

Due to the granite overhangs and generally dry climate, the Omandumba paintings are well preserved. Some panels show minor weathering from natural lichen growth, but visitor management and guided access help ensure their long-term protection.

Access to the paintings is only permitted with a guide from Omandumba, as the sites lie on private land and require careful stewardship. The walk is relatively short and suitable for most travellers, though sturdy shoes and water are recommended. Omandumba also offers a small museum, campsites, and guided bushcraft experiences, making it a popular stop for visitors exploring the Erongo Mountains.